skrf.media.freespace.Freespace
- class skrf.media.freespace.Freespace(frequency=None, z0_port=None, z0_override=None, z0=None, ep_r=1 + 0j, mu_r=1 + 0j, ep_loss_tan=None, mu_loss_tan=None, rho=None, *args, **kwargs)[source]
A plane-wave (TEM Mode) in Freespace.
A Freespace media can be constructed in two ways:
from complex, relative permativity and permeability OR
from real relative permativity and permeability with loss tangents.
There is also a method to initialize from a existing distributed circuit, appropriately named
Freespace.from_distributed_circuit()
- Parameters:
frequency (
Frequency
object) – frequency band of this transmission line mediumz0_port (number, array-like, or None) – z0_port is the port impedance for networks generated by the media. If z0_port is not None, the networks generated by the media are renormalized (or in other words embedded) from the characteristic impedance z0 of the media to z0_port. Else if z0_port is None, the networks port impedances will be the raw characteristic impedance z0 of the media. (Default is None)
z0_override (number, array-like, or None) – z0_override override the characteristic impedance for the media. If z0_override is not None, the networks generated by the media have their characteristic impedance z0 overrided by z0_override. (Default is None)
z0 (number, array-like, or None) – deprecated parameter, alias to z0_override if z0_override is None. Emmit a deprecation warning.
ep_r (number, array-like) – complex relative permittivity. negative imaginary is lossy.
mu_r (number, array-like) – complex relative permeability. negative imaginary is lossy.
ep_loss_tan (None, number, array-like) – electric loss tangent (of the permativity). If not None, imag(ep_r) is ignored.
mu_loss_tan (None, number, array-like) – magnetic loss tangent (of the permeability). If not None, imag(mu_r) is ignored.
rho (number, array-like, string or None) – resistivity (ohm-m) of the conductor walls. If array-like must be same length as frequency. if str, it must be a key in
skrf.data.materials
. Default is None (lossless).*args (arguments and keyword arguments)
**kwargs (arguments and keyword arguments)
Examples
>>> from skrf.media.freespace import Freespace >>> from skrf.frequency import Frequency >>> f = Frequency(75,110,101,'ghz') >>> Freespace(frequency=f, ep_r=11.9) >>> Freespace(frequency=f, ep_r=11.9-1.1j) >>> Freespace(frequency=f, ep_r=11.9, ep_loss_tan=.1) >>> Freespace(frequency=f, ep_r=11.9-1.1j, mu_r = 1.1-.1j)
Attributes
Characteristic Impedance |
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Real (attenuation) component of gamma. |
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Imaginary (propagating) component of gamma. |
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Complex dielectric permittivity. |
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Complex permittivity with resistivity absorbed into its imaginary component. |
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Propagation Constant, \(\gamma\). |
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Complex dielectric permeability. |
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Number of points of the frequency axis. |
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Conductivity in ohm*m. |
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Complex group velocity (in m/s). |
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Complex phase velocity (in m/s). |
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Return Characteristic Impedance z0_characteristic. |
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Characteristic Impedance, \(z_0\). |
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Port Impedance. |
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Port Impedance. |
Methods
Ideal matched attenuator of a given length. |
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Capacitor. |
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Capacitor with Q factor. |
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Copy of this Media object. |
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Delayed load. |
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Delayed open transmission line. |
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Delayed Short. |
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Calculate the complex electrical length for a given distance. |
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Determines physical distance from a transmission or reflection Network. |
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Initialize a freespace from |
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Two-port network for an impedance mismatch. |
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Inductor. |
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Inductor with Q factor. |
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Two-port isolator. |
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Transmission line of a given length and impedance. |
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Floating transmission line of a given length and impedance. |
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Load of given reflection coefficient. |
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Lossless, symmetric mismatch defined by its return loss. |
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Perfect matched load (\(\Gamma_0 = 0\)). |
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Create another mode in this medium. |
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Open (\(\Gamma_0 = 1\)). |
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Plot the real and imaginary part of the complex permittivity. |
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Plot the real and imaginary part of the complex permittivity with resistivity. |
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Plot the real and imaginary part of the complex permeability. |
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Complex random network. |
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Resistor. |
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Short (\(\Gamma_0 = -1\)) |
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Shunts a |
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Shunted capacitor. |
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Shunted delayed load. |
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Shunted delayed open. |
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Shunted delayed short. |
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Shunted inductor. |
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Shunted resistor. |
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Ideal, lossless n-way splitter. |
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Ideal, lossless tee. |
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Convert electrical length to physical distance. |
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Matched transmission line of length 0. |
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Translate various units of distance into meters. |
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Complex zero-mean gaussian white-noise network. |
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write this media's frequency, gamma, Z0, and z0 to a csv file. |